| Titles |
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English :
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Role of some soil amendments on salt affected soils in east Delta to improve there some physical properties
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Arabic :
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دور بعض المحسنات الأرضية فى تحسين الخواص الطبيعية بأراضى شرق الدلتا المتأثرة بالأملاح
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| Abstract |
In Egypt, improving saline-sodic soils are considered as an important part in the agricultural security program. Saline-sodic soils containing excess soluble salts in quantities to interfere with the growth of most crops. However, a field experiment was conducted at Sharkeit Mubasher area, 10 km north of El-Zagazig city, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The subsurface drainage system has been installed in 1980. The main target of this work is to study the effect of some soil amendments on the physical properties and drainage parameters in salt affected soils. Soil amendments such as gypsum, compost and sand were added to the plots individually or combined together at a rate of 20 m3/fed. for Compost; 5 ton/fed. for gypsum and 20 m3/fed. for sand, during two successive seasons. The tested area under investigation cultivated with maize and wheat plants.
The study showed that, the values of hydraulic conductivity (HC) in the soil were positively affected due to the application of different soil amendments either individually or combined all together when compared with the control treatment. Whereas, the (HC) of the initial soil was 0.3 and reached up to 0.35 and 0.37 (cm/hr) in control treatment after the cultivation of maize and wheat, respectively. While, when soil amendments were applied individually the (HC) values increased sharply. On the other hand, addition of two soil amendments together gave more increase in the HC values, being a mixture of gypsum and sand was the most effective. Application of the three soil amendments in combination after maize and wheat cultivation gave the highest increase in HC values (0.95 and 0.96 cm/hr) respectively.
The same findings were obtained for soil bulk density (Bd). The Bd of the initial soil was 1.58 and decreased to 1.51 and 1.47 (g/cm3) in control treatment after maize and wheat cultivation, respectively. The results also showed that the values of (Bd) after addition of soil amendments individually or combined all together were reduced. Sand has the most effective decrease of (Bd) values for both the individual additions and the three combined soil amendments.
Total porosity values (TP) were affected positively and increased due to the application of different soil amendments. The (TP) values increased from 29.8% in the initial soil to more than 38.0 and 48% for maize and wheat plant cultivation, respectively after addition of soil amendments.
The values of water stable aggregates (>1 mm) in the tested soil were decreased comparing with the initial value (33.1%) and control treatment (39.2 and 36.4%) after maize and wheat, respectively and reached to 29.8% and 26.1% during maize and wheat, respectively, by addition of different soil amendments individually or combined all together. Also, the values of aggregates (<0.5 mm) were increased.
The obtained data for both summer and winter seasons showed clearly that, all yield parameters (grains, straw and biological yields) were affected positively due to application of different soil amendments individually or combined all together. These parameters increased and reached their maximum increase in case of applying the three combined amendments (gypsum+compost+sand).
This study reveals that the magnitude of addition of different soil amendments individually or combined together to improving the salt affected soils in Egypt and increasing crop yield. Also, from the abovementioned results, it is noticed that soil amendments affect hydraulic properties. It is recommended in such areas suffering from salinity and sodicity problems that the hydraulic conductivity and the other parameters must be determined after application of the amendments and when soil reaches to equilibrium stage. At this moment, these values must be applied in the design equations to get a reliable and more accurate design for the drainage system
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| Publication year |
2006
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| Pages |
250-261
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| Availability location |
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI)
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| Country |
Egypt
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| City |
Zagazig
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| ISSN |
1110-1571
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| Volume |
21
. 9
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| Department |
Field Drainage Research
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Agris Categories |
DrainageSoil chemistry and physics
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Composts.
Gypsum.
Maize.
Permeability.
Sand.
Soil amendments.
Soil density.
Wheats.
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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