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English :
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General and specific combining ability and its interactions with two nitrogen fertilizer levels for yield and yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Arabic :
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القدرة العامة والخاصة على التآلف وتفاعلها مع مستويين من التسميد الآزوتي للمحصول ومكوناتة في قمح الخبز
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| Abstract |
Six parental cultivars and/or lines of wheat genotypes were used in a diallel crosses at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station in Egypt during the two successive seasons i.e. 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to study heterosis and combining ability and their interaction with the two nitrogen fertilizer levels (35 kg N/faddan and 70 kg N/faddan) for heading date, plant height, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, grain weight/spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/plant.
Nitrogen fertilizer levels mean squares were found to be highly significant for all traits studied with mean values of the normal nitrogen level being higher than those of low nitrogen fertilizer level. Genotypes, parents and the resultant crosses mean squares were found to be highly significant for all traits studied at the two nitrogen levels and their combined data. Parent vs. crosses mean squares as an indication to average heterosis overall crosses were found to be highly significant at the two different nitrogen fertilizer levels for heading date, number of grains/spike, grain weight/spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/plant at the normal nitrogen fertilizer level and plant height at the low nitrogen fertilizer level. The interactions of nitrogen fertilizer levels with genotypes, crosses and parent vs. crosses were found to be insignificant for all traits studied except, grain yield/plant.
General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares were found to be highly significant for all traits studied at the two different nitrogen fertilizer levels and their combined data except; SCA mean squares for plant height and 1000-grain weight at normal and low nitrogen fertilizer levels, respectively. This would be indicate that both of additive and non-additive genetic variance were importance in the inheritance of all traits studied. The interactions of nitrogen fertilizer levels with both types of combining ability were found to be insignificant for all traits studied except, the interaction of general combining ability with nitrogen fertilizer levels for grain weight/spike and the interaction of general combining ability and specific combining ability with nitrogen fertilizer levels for grain yield/plant which were found to be highly significant.
The Egyptian cultivars Sakha 61 (P3) and Gemmeiza 7 (P5) showed highly significant negative general combining ability effects for heading date. Also, they exhibited highly significant positive general combining ability for; number of grains/spike, grain weight/spike and 1000-grain weight at the two nitrogen fertilizer levels and their combined data. Also, the hybrid combination (P4 x P5) showed highly significant desirable SCA effects for number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, grain weight/spike and grain yield/plant. As for grain yield/plant, two hybrid combinations (P4 x P5) and (P4 x P6) showed highly significant desirable heterosis which varied from 9.319 % to 55.920 % relative to their respective better parent at both low and normal nitrogen fertilizer levels and their combined data.
Key words: Combining ability – bread wheat – Triticum aestivum – heterosis – diallel cross.
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| Publication year |
2005
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| Pages |
597-618
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| Availability location |
معهد بحوث المحاصيل الحقليه-مركز البحوث-8ش الجامعه الجيزة
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
Field Crops Research Institute (FCRI)
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| City |
القاهرة
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| serial title |
مجلة المنوفية للبحوث الزراعية
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| ISSN |
1110-0265
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| Department |
Wheat Research
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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