| Titles |
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English :
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Significance of land and water suitability for agriculture utilization in some newly reclaimed areas at El-Fayoum Governorate, Egypt
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Arabic :
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دلالة مدى ملائمة الأراضي والمياه لبرامج التنمية الزراعية في بعض المناطق حديث الاستصلاح بمحافظة الفيوم- مصر
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| Abstract |
This work aims to identify the role of land evaluation system as a physical parameter for economical land use of the newly reclaimed areas, taking into consideration the environmental constraints and the present state of the low irrigation water quality used in El Fayoum Governorate. Data of the chemical composition for irrigation water reveal that some problems are expected on long-term use with an adversely effect on the irrigated soils, since the ECw and Adj. SAR of these low quality waters reached a maximum values of 1.85 dS/m and 16.87, respectively. Also, in spite of the relatively high contents of macro and trace elements in the used low quality irrigation waters due to the contamination of drainage and sewage effluents, yet they are still within the permissible limits. The soils of area under consideration are characterized different texture classes and soil structure types, my be due to the extremely variations in soil origins, the intensive of geochemical weathering and environment of depositional regime. Some of the studied clayey soils have bad structure types of prismatic and columnar in the subsoil layers that reflected the signs of soil deterioration. The dominant specified patterns of soil bulk density and total aggregates % are of the most meaningful term to describe directly the proportion of soil factors affecting the moisture and air regimes and controlling the passage of water flow through the soils. The studied soils have salinity levels of non-saline (ECe of < 4 dS/m) to saline (ECe of 13.65 dS/m), while soil pH varies from 7.45 to 8.85. CEC ranged 4.19-41.93 cmolc/kg soil. The ESP indicates that some of the studied soils are suffering from alkalinity. According to the soil taxonomy system of the USDA (1999) and taxonomy key manual outlined by USDA (2001), the studied soils could be classified into three orders (Vertisols, Entisols and Aridisols), 5 suborders, 6 great groups, 6 subgroups and 9 families. It is evident that soil potentiality for nutrients supplying power of the majority of the studied soils is negatively affected, except Fe that is more released in the reduced state of root zone under the water-logged soils, by sodification in both clayey Nile alluvial and lacustrine soils as well as Ca(CO3)2 and released Ca 2+ in the calcareous soils that restricted phosphorus and micronutrients availability. As for wind blown sandy soils, the hazard effect is more related to the dominant of quartz threaten its fertile status. According to land evaluation system undertaken by Sys and Verheye (1978), most of the studied soils are affected by many of limiting factors, i.e., topography, wetness soil texture, soil depth, Ca(CO3)2, gypsum and salinity/alkalinity, with variable intensity degrees. Also, the current suitability of the studied 12 soil sites, assessed three classes of moderately suitable (S2, 1 soil site/ marginally suitable soils (S3, 9 soil sites) and unsuitable soils (N1, 2 soil sites/ By executing the suitable improvement practices, the potential suitability classes assessed three classes, i.e., highly suitable (Sl, 2 soil sites/ moderately suitable (S2, 5 soil sites) and marginally suitable soils (S3, 5 soil sites). Land suitability for certain crops can be achieved by matching the ratings of land characteristics with the crop requirements in different suitability levels as proposed by Sys et al. (1993). It could be identified both supreme and subsequent prior potential suitability for specified utilizations with the representative soils developed on the different physiographic units of the studied El Fayoum area for the selected twenty different crops (field crops, vegetables and fruits)
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| Publication year |
2005
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| Pages |
287-309
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| Availability location |
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, 9 Cairo Univ. St., Giza, Egypt
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI)
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| Country |
Egypt
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| City |
Zagazig
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| Publisher |
Name:
The Egyptian Society of Applied Sciences
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| serial title |
Egyptian Journal of Applied Sciences
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| ISSN |
1110-1571
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| Volume |
20
. 1
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| Department |
Improvement and Conservation of Cultivated Soils Research
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| External authors (outside ARC) |
عاطف عبد التواب عوض الله
كلية الزراعة بالفيوم- جامعة الفيوم
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| Agris Categories |
Soil erosion, conservation and reclamation
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Soil chemicophysical properties.
Water conservation.
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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