| Titles |
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English :
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EFFECT OF LAND LEVELLING AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON SUGAR BEET GROWN UNDER DEVELOPED SURFACE IRRIGATION SYSTEM
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Arabic :
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تأثير التسوية ومستويات النتروجين علي نمو بنجر السكر تحت نظام الري السطحي المطور
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| Abstract |
Two field trials were carried out at Sids Agricultural Research Station, Beni Sueif Governorate (Middle Egypt) in 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 seasons to study the effect of twelve treatments on the yield and quality of sugar beet as well as some soil-water and crop-water relation (WUE). The studied treatments represent the combinations among four slopes of soil surface with irrigation method (T1: zero, T2: 0.05 and T3: 0.10 % level using laser technique under perforated pipes, involved in the developed surface irrigation system, compared with T4: traditional leveling and irrigation method), and three N fertilization levels (60, 80 and 100 kg N/fed). Sugar beet variety Sultan was used in this work. A split plot design in three replications was used. A perforated pipes system of six-inch diameter, 6-m length aluminum pipes was used with a spacing of 0.6 m between the orifices along the pipes. Discharging orifices number were 15 for each treatment with a flow rate 1.5 l/h/orifice. The external diameter of perforated pipe was 154 mm.
In respect to soil-water relations, the results showed that the uniformity distribution of flow through orifices along the perforated pipes was about 95.39 %, while the variation of the measured pressure head along the perforated pipe was 6.93 %. The treatments T1, T2 and T3 saved average total water advance time (min) by 40.63, 50.00 and 60.63 % respectively, average total water recession time (min) by 18.27, 20.65 and 29.58 %, respectively, and average total water opportunity time (min) by 12.03, 16.30 and 20.92%, compared with traditional method of levelling and irrigation (T4). T3 had a positive effect on infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration depth and recorded 35.0 and 29.55 % higher than T4. T3 saved 19.88 and 19.91% of the amount of water applied, compared with T4 in the 1st and 2nd season, respectively.
Regarding sugar beet crop traits, the results clarified that pol % (sugar percentage) and rendement % (extractable sugar percentage) and sugar yield/fed were significantly affected by soil surface levelling and irrigation treatments. The highest values of pol % and rendement % were recorded at T3. On the contrary, root fresh weight, top fresh weight/plant, quality index, root yield/fed were insignificantly affected by the four treatments in both seasons.
Root fresh weight/plant and root yield/fed were significantly increased as the applied N level was increased up to 80 kg N/fed. Moreover, top fresh weight was gradually and significantly increased as the applied N level was raised from 60 to 80 and to 100 kg N/fed. However, a gradual reduction in pol, rendement and quality index percentages was detected accompanying the increase in N level. Meanwhile, sugar yield was insignificantly affected by N levels.
As for crop-water relation, T2 increased water use efficiency (kg roots/m3 water) by 59.56 and 55.18 %, compared with T4, in the 1st and 2nd season, respectively.
Under conditions of the present work, grading soil surface at 0.05 or 0.10 % using laser technique under perforated pipes (the developed surface irrigation system) and supplying sugar beet with 80 kg N/fed, is recommended to save water and to obtain the highest root and sugar yields/fed and the best quality traits.
Key words:
Sugar beet, yield, quality, perforated pipes, land leveling, surface irrigation, water distribution uniformity water advance time, recession time, infiltration time and water use efficiency.
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| Publication year |
2005
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| Availability location |
مكتبة كلية الزراعة جامعة الازهر
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AENRI)
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| Country |
Egypt
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| City |
القاهرة
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| Publisher |
Name:
الجمعية المصرية للهندسة الزراعية
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| serial title |
المؤتمر السنوي الثالث عشر للجمعية المصرية للهندسة الزراعية . دور وأفاق الهندسة الزراعية في مستقبل العالم المعاصر
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| Department |
On farm irrigation and drainage
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Agris Categories |
Agricultural engineering
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Irrigation systems.
Land levelling.
Sugarbeet.
Surface irrigation.
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| Proposed Agrovoc |
NITROGEN LEVELS;
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| Publication Type |
Conference/Workshop
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