| Titles |
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English :
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Some factors affecting hatchability in chickens
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Arabic :
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تأثير بعض العوامل على نسبة الفقس في الدواجن
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| Abstract |
A total number of 6912 incubated eggs of four strains of laying hens either foreign or local; namily, White Leghorn, El-Salam, Gimmiza and Mandara respectively was studied in this study. The eggs were divided to carry out two types of experiments: A- In the first experiment; the eggs corresponds to each strain were collected then divided into eight groups to be irradiated with the stated ionized gamma-ray doses using Co60 isotope at levels zero, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 gray, the irradiation process was terminated before incubation directly. (The work was achivied in the isotope unit, nuclear physices department, nuclear research center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas.). B- The second experiment was divided into two parts: 1- In the first part, the eggs corresponds to each strain were collected and classified to four groups according to the exposure dose of gamma-radiation, narnily, zero, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 gray. The irradiation process was started before incubation period directly at embryonic age 7 and 14 day during inclubation. 2- In the second part, the eggs corresponds to each strain were collected and classified into four groups according to the exposure doses of gamma-radiation at levels 0, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 gray. The irradaition proceed directly before incubation at embryonic age 5, 10, and 15 days during incubation. The aim of these experiments summarized in the following: 1- Studying the effect of either the exposure to gamma-radiation or the response of the different investigated strains on the hatchability, emberyonic mortality and chick weight at hatching. 2- Investigating the change in RBC''s, WCS''s, PCV and hemoglobin in blood of hatch chicks in different groups. 3- Studying the affect in liver enzymes including GPT, GOT and Alkaline phosphatase as a result of espousing the fertilized eggs to gamma-radiation. 4- Measuring the variations in the level of total protein, albiumin, globulin and blood salts (Ca+2, P, Mg+2) in plasma of hatch chicks. 5- Calculation of the correlation between either hatchability or hatch chick weights with some blood constituents. RESULTS 1- First Experiment: 1- Exposing fertilized eggs to gamma-radiation (up to 400 rad) improve the hatchability percent and depressing the average emperyonic moltality in compaison with corresponding control. Reverse results obtained as a result of increasing the given dose. The positive response gained for foreign strain (White Leghorn) and local strain (Mandara) more significant than the other strains. 2- No detectable effect of gamma-radiation on the average of percentage chick weight/egg weight at hatch was observed. Whereas a corresponding increase in this respect was detected for Mandara strain rather than the other strain. 3- The effect of exposing the fertile eggs to the single dose of gamma- radiation, also the strain types was pronounced on the essential blood parameters. The RBC''s and PCV values were lowered while WBC''s increased significantly upon increasing the gamma-dose radiation. The effect of the tested strains was. variable for the above mentioned . parameters. 4- A depression in the ratio of total protein, albumin and globulin in plasma was regestered as a. result of exposure of fertile eggs to gamma-radiation, whereas as increase in these radio''s for local strain rather than forighen strain especially in total protein an albumin only. 5- The increasing dose of gamma-radiation leads to an increase in liver enzymes especially GPT and GOT, The variations between investigated strains on these parameters were extendable. 6- As for the examined blood salts no significant effect on the average neither for gamma-radiation nor for strain type. ll- Second Exneriment: A- Part one: 1- An improvenent in hatchabiliy and depression in emberyonic-on the average-for different strains compared to the corresponding control values was detected due to exposure of fertile eggs to gamma-radiation. The possible response for forighen strain (White Leghon) was more prounced than the local strains. 2- An increase In average check weight at hatching as a result of gamma-ray treatment. An increase in average chick weight in Gimmiza strain significantly rather than other strains. 3- The exposure of fertile eggs to different doses of gamma-radiation increased dignificantly only for the hemoglobin ratio, whereas the effect of examined strains was magnified. Grimmiz strain showed higher RBC''s, WBC''s and hemoglobin values than the other strains. 4- No detectable effect of gamma-radiation doses on either total protein, albumin and globulin in hatch chick plasma, mean while a significant increase in total proteim an globulin in Mandara strain than other strains. 5- The increased gamma-radiation dose leads to a dignificant decrease of liver enzymes expecting GPT and GOT. The Mandara strain was of lowered concentration in GPT while White Leghorn was of lowered concentration in Alkaline phosphatase than the other strains. 6- As for the examined blood salts, no detectable change on the average either for gamma-radiation or strain type. B- Part two 1- The exposure of fertile eggs to gamma-radiation resulted in improvement of hatchability and depressing the average emberyonic mortality for different strains. EI-Salam strain satisfied the most higher hatchability rather than other strains. 2- No observed effect either of gamma-radiation or strain type on average check weight at hatchability. 3- The effect of fertile egg exposure to gamma-radiation and strain type was soundy and essential blood parameters. The WBC''s and hemoglobin ratio increased significantly with radiation dose. The effect of examined strains was changable in RBC''s, WBC''s and hemoglobin. 4- No significant effect of gamma-radiation on total protein, albumin and globulin in plasma of hatch checks. 5- The exposure of fertile eggs to gamma-radiation does not result in any change of liver enzymes~ whereas the effect of strains on these enzymes was significant. 6- No detectable effect of either gamma-radiation or strain on blood salts was observed. It can be concluded from the results of worth that: 1- Gamma-rays can be used as a tool for improving the hatchability of the bird''s fertile eggs. 2- The low levels or repeated doses of gamma-radiation that applied on different chicken eggs revealed some stimulatory effect. 3- In most of the blood parameters investigated the changes were happend. 4- Some strains showed a high resistance against the hazard effects of ionizing radiation.
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| Publication year |
1997
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| Availability location |
مكتبة معهد بحوث الانتاج الحيوانى - شارع نادى الصيد - الدقى - الجيزة
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| Availability number |
553
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| Organization Name |
Animal Production Research Institute (APRI)
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| Country |
Egypt
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| Department |
Poultry Breeding Research Department
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Egg hatchability.
Egg incubation.
Embryonic development.
Gamma radiation.
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| Publication Type |
PhD Thesis
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