| Titles |
|
English :
|
Charcoal rot of sunflower in Egypt: Performance of some various control measures on disease incidence and seed yield production.
|
|
Arabic :
|
العفن الفحمي على عباد الشمس في مصر: فعالية بعض وسائل المقاومة المختلفة على حدوث المرض ومحصول البذور الناتج
|
|
| Abstract |
Incidence of charcoal rot on sunflower plants was successfully controlled by some bioagents and/or biocides, plant extracts, systemic resistance- chemical inducers and seed/or soil fungicides tested under greenhouse and field conditions. Treating sunflower seeds with T. harzianum and the biocide Plant Guard, however, were the best significant ones for decreasing damping-off and charcoal rot and increasing survival plants. The disease could be controlled also by soaking seeds in the filtered extract of garlic or autoclaved extract of rhubarb which gave the maximizing plant survivals. On the other hand, ascorbic acid (2mM) and salicylic acid (2mM) were effective means in decreasing damping-off and charcoal rot incidence and in increasing survival plants. There is a correlation between induced resistance and some biochemical changes in stem base tissues of sunflower healthy plants such as increasing the activity of peroxidase enzyme and phenol compounds content. Salicylic acid (2mM) produced the highest level of peroxidase activity and the highest amount of phenol contents (free, conjugated and total). Seed and soil fungicides were very effective treatments reducing disease incidence and seed fungicides were better than soil fungicides. Rizolex-T and Maxim were the best seed fungicides, whereas Amconil was the best soil fungicide in this respect. Under field conditions, commercial biocides (Plant Guard & Rhizo-N), plant extracts(garlic & rhubarb), resistance-inducing chemicals (ascorbic & salicylic acids) and/or seed fungicides (Rizolex-T & Maxim) significantly reduced charcoal rot incidence and increased seed yield production in most cases. These treatments, however, were to be more effective when applied as combined treatment with the soil fungicide Amconil than seed treatment alone. The combined seed/soil treatments Rizolex-T/Amconil and Maxim/Amconil were the most superior treatments for decreasing charcoal rot incidence and increasing seed yield production (seed yield /plot and100 seed weight).
|
| Publication year |
2007
|
| Pages |
315-330
|
| Organization Name |
Plant Pathology Research Institute (PPATHRI)
|
| serial title |
Egypt J. App. Sci.
|
| Author(s) from ARC |
|
| Agris Categories |
Plant diseases
|
| Publication Type |
Journal
|