| Titles |
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English :
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SOME METHODS FOR THE CONTROL OF SESAME CHARCOAL ROT DISEASE (MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA)
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Arabic :
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بعض طرق مكافحة مرض العفن الفحمي فى السمسم المتسبب عن الفطر ماكروفومينا فاسيولينا
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| Abstract |
The incidence of charcoal rot disease on sesame plants under greenhouse conditions was successfully controlled by several means i.e. antagonistic microorgansms, plant extracts, systemic resistance-inducing agents and inoculation with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Treating sesame seeds with the antagonistic fungi and bacteria reduced disease incidence to different extents. Trichoderma harzianum produced the highest percentages of healthy mature plants (96.7%) followed by Chaetomium bostrycoides ( 90.0%), Trichoderma sp 5 (83.3%) and T. hamatum (80.0%).
The disease could be controlled also through enhancing the systemic resistance by soaking sesame seeds in the filtered extracts of thyme, rhubarb or garlic (83.3-86.7% healthy mature plants) or autoclaved extracts of cumin or azedrach (86.7%). Soaking sesame seeds in IBA at 100 ppm or SA at 4 mM induced the superior effect as the % healthy standing plants was maximized to 100.0% and 96.7%, respectively. The probable biochemical defense mechanisms that induced by these treatments in term of oxidative enzymes, phenol and sugars content were investigated and discussed .
Applying VAMF (vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi) soil preparations showed no significant effect on the post-emergence and charcoal rot incidence. However, healthy standing plants were maximized by the soil preparation containing G1+G2+G3+G4 (86.7%) followed by G1 alone (76.7%), G3+G4 (70.0%), G2+G3 (63.3%), and G4 (63.3%) compared with control (36.7%).
In another experiment, mixture of 4 VAM fungi grown in vitro on autoclaved barely-sand modified medium was used at different rates. Applying the prepared VAMF mixture at rates of 2g/Kg potted soil produced the highest significant increase in healthy standing plants (70.0%) compared with control (30.0%). The incidence of charcoal rot was decreased significantly only at rates 1 and 2 g/Kg soil (2.5-7.5%) compared with control treatment (22.5%).
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| Publication year |
2004
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| Pages |
87-101
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| Organization Name |
Plant Pathology Research Institute (PPATHRI)
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| serial title |
Egypt. J. Phytopathol
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| External authors (outside ARC) |
عبد المنعم إسماعيل إبراهيم الفقي
قسم النبات الزراعى - كلية الزراعة بمشتهر - جامعة الزقازيق ( فرع بنها )
فتحي جاد محمد
قسم النبات الزراعى - كلية الزراعة بمشتهر - جامعة الزقازيق ( فرع بنها )
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| Agris Categories |
Plant diseases
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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